Pensions

Pensions are definitely a political hot potato in most countries around the world as population demography changes with an increase in the numbers of retired citizens. Canada is no exception as private pension schemes are being promoted to take the heat off the Governments Canada Pension Plan that many analysts believe will not be able to cope in the future. Please note that any pension payments are classed as income and will be subject to standard taxation rules. Using the services of a professional financial planner will enable you to plan your retirement income in the most tax efficient way.

There are 3 levels of pensions:

Old Age Security

The most basic level of state pension is the Old Age Security payments. This is available as a monthly payment to most people over the age of 65.

Canada Pension Plan (CPP)

Once you are working in Canada, your paychecks will show deductions for the CPP to a set annual limit (approx $1800) (Quebec has its own system). The amount you pay is based upon 2 limits and your employment type (self or employed). The lower limit is frozen at $3500 and the maximum limit (adjusted every year), currently $40,500 you will only pay a percentage of the income between these limits. If you earn $100,000 a year you will not pay any more into the plan than someone on $50,000 a year. These payments will enable you to receive benefits from the plan should you become disabled or retire and, if you die, to your surviving family members.

RRSP

To encourage Canadians to save for their retirement, the Government has given substantial tax breaks to people who pay into Registered Retirement Savings Plans RRSP. The plans are government sponsored but privately administered with management fees charged by the companies that offer them. All capital gains in the plan are sheltered tax free while the plan is in force. Any cash withdrawn in retirement is declared as income on your annual tax return.

There are annually adjusted limits on the amount you can contribute to your RRSP. These are 18% of your previous years Canadian salary to a maximum of $14500. This is where being an immigrant becomes a pain. Basically, you will not have an allowance for the first calendar year you are living in Canada so any payments you make will be classed as an over contribution. You can get away with a $2000 over contribution, but over that you will be taxed. If your employer pays into a company plan that is a benefit for all the employees you will not be penalized just be careful with any voluntary payments.

There are special rules governing the use of RRSP funds. Some plans are locked in and therefore inaccessible until the plan matures. Most RRSP arent locked in and so are available to be withdrawn before plan maturity though penalties and conditions will apply.

Many couples opt to use a spousal RRSP. If one partner earns substantially more than the other this gives a tax break straight away by giving the higher paid partner some of the other persons allowance. The retirement income is evenly split between the two which will reduce the tax paid.

Normal retirement age is 65 though you can work beyond that. Before age 69 you will have several options for more information go to http://www.onestopimmigration-canada.com/Pensions.html

Before You Leave (For newcomers)

The chances are you will have pension schemes in the country you are leaving either private or state run. This can cause a major headache to sort out.

The first thing to do is to ensure that you have up to date information on all pensions you may be entitled to and these plans have your latest contact details. Most pensions will pay out only if the plan holder contacts THEM. You must ensure you have the contact details and let them know you are moving to Canada.

Check and get written confirmation that the pension plan will pay to a Canadian bank account if not you will have to make alternative arrangements

For state pensions, Canada has social security agreements with many different countries regarding qualifying time for state pensions so check these to see if it helps you.

If you choose to transfer to a Canadian plan, check to see how much it will cost and if there are any additional penalties incurred as it may not be worth it. If it is ensure all the ground work is completed before you leave and you have points of contact to deal with to make it a smooth transfer or someone to sort it out if its not! You cannot open a Canadian Pension until you have a SIN (Social Identification Number) so this cant be done until you have landed.

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What is a 401(k)?

When searching and sifting through copious amounts of confusing and conflicting information concerning financial retirement savings and plans it is quite likely that you have come across the term 401(k). You may have wondered if that was the newest robot in the Star Wars saga but the truth of the matter is that it is a type of retirement savings plans that is designed so that employees and employers alike can contribute to a fund that is set aside for your future retirement.

Many people invest pretax earnings into their 401(k) funds, which they then have the option to invest in mutual funds of many options. You will find these mutual funds in a wide array of choices from money market accounts to very aggressive and risky stock portfolios. If you work for one of the many companies across the country that offers the option of a 401(k) plan you would be literally robbing your future self not to take advantage of this offering.

There are 3 general types of contributions to 401(k) plans: matching contributions, elective contributions, and non-elective contributions.

Matching contributions are very nice from the standpoint of the employee as the employer matches a predetermined amount of the funds invested by the employee towards this fund. Different companies will offer different amounts for their matching contributions. If your company will match up to a certain percentage of what you invest into your 401 (k) you should take them up on their offer. This is money that will benefit you later in life and should not be thrown away without a darn good for doing so.

An elective contribution is money that you invest before taxes are taken out of your salary. This means that you aren’t paying income taxes on these funds at today’s rate of taxation. Many people believe this is a good plan because the assumption is that you will be in a lower tax bracket upon retirement though there are no guarantees that that will be true. This money is money that you have elected to invest in your 401 (k) plan, rather than bring home in the form of salary, thus the name of elective contribution.

Non-elective contributions are money that employer deposits into your account. In most cases you cannot opt to take this money as cash rather than an investment in your 401 (k) plan.

There are limitations for how much you can invest into your 401 (k) plan on a given year. You should check with the IRS to get the actual numbers as they have changed over time and are likely to continue doing so as the cost of living increases across the country. Once you reach the age of 50 you are allowed to make extra contributions to your plan in order to ‘catch up’ and better prepare for retirement.

When studying your options for retirement financial planning you should carefully consider taking your employer up on any type of assistance they offer in this endeavor. If they offer to match the funds you invest in your retirement you can bet that money has already been deducted in their calculations of your salary. In other words, they are giving you the money you’ve earned in a different manner. The good news is that when the time comes to retire you will be able to appreciate every dollar that has been invested along the way.

We could never hope to simply save the money that we will need in order to retire. Even investments are tricky for the vast majority of the population. For this reason, it is a wise investment plan to take advantage of any opportunity to increase your funds by employers matching your contributions. Take the maximum benefit they will match and if you are seriously worried about your financial future more than your current financial situations, invest the maximum allowable amount each year in your 401 (k) plan.

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No Pension, No Worries, Network Marketing Is The Key

The disappearing pension plan and retirement plans are making it more appealing to work at home. At one point, if you were working at a high income career you most likely had a pension plan set up by the corporation you worked for. A certain amount of money was withheld from each paycheck. The pension plan was a promise that you would receive that money many years later. It may not have been enough to live on, but you knew that a specific amount of money was coming to you each month. Pension plans and retirement plans are becoming a thing of the past.

It wasnt even two decades ago that you had to worry about your retirement. You went to work, earned your money and lived your life. On payday your pay stub noted the amount of money that went into your pension plan. When it came time to retire, the money you never missed from your paychecks for years should now be coming to you monthly. Its because of this people are looking for business opportunities elsewhere. This is one reason that working at home is becoming so appealing. That, and the thought of not having an income once you are retired is a scary thought. Network marketing, or Multi Level Marketing, is one way around this, by building
yourself a residual income.

Network marketing arrangements are when an individual associates themselves with a company and works independently as a contractor. You are then compensated monetarily based on your product sales or services, whichever is offered, as well as from those whom youve brought into the business.

Multi Level Marketing (MLM) has gotten a bad reputation over the years. There are legitimate ones, but the internet is flooded with illegal ones claiming to be legitimate. It is up to you to research and find a legitimate company before you commit to anything.

Legitimate MLM businesses do not pay you to recruit or sign up other people. There are many online MLM businesses that offer a certain amount of money for each person you sign up, stay away from these ones. These are called pyramid or ponzi schemes, and they are illegal. A legitimate MLM company pays you on the sales of the companies products and or services, and maybe a small amount for your recruits. For it to be legitimate, the bulk of your money comes from your sales.

Finding a good and reliable network marketing business is possible. By putting in some hard work and dedication you can easily build yourself a successful residual home business. Find others that may be in your same situation and together you can help each other build a residual income that will continue to grow with the business. Some companies that you would not think of as a network marketing business are in fact just that. Anytime someone signs up under you and in turn you make a percentage of their earnings is a MLM business.

If it is a legitimate business then work hard and help it expand. MLM type businesses can grow exponentially, which in turn means that your residual income can be limitless. Research is the key, but dont get involved with the ones that require you to purchase a bulk amount of product first. All that will happen is you will be stuck with a garage full of a product you cant sell, a smaller bank account and an angry spouse. If the product is sellable they wouldnt try and pawn it off on you.

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What Is A 401(K) Plan?

The 401(k) retirement plan is funded by employee contribution and a matching employer contribution. The major feature of the plan is that the contributions are taken from pre-taxed salary. The fund accumulates tax-free until it is withdrawn. Most businesses and tax-exempt organizations can create these retirement plans.

The 401(k) takes its name from the IRC (Internal Revenue Code) of 1978. The operation of the 401(k) is administered by the EBSA (Employee Benefits Security Administration) of the Department of Labor.

The 401(k) plan has a lot of advantages. First and foremost is that the employee can contribute pre-tax money that reduces the tax paid in each paycheck. Also, the company contribution and any growth in the fund is free of tax until withdrawn.

The compounding of the fund during a 20 to 30 year period is quite amazing. The employee has a lot of control in the direction of the future contributions. When the company matches your contributions, it adds something extra on top of your own money. All money in the plan can be moved from one company to another unlike pension.

The 401(k) plan is protected by pension laws since it is a personal investment plan. It includes protection from garnishment by creditors but not from domestic cases that include child support.

There are some disadvantages in the 401(k) plan, it is hard to get your 401(k) contributions before age 60 (59 1/2 to be exact). The 401(k) is not insured by the PBGC (Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp). Also, the company contributions do not kick in until a certain number of years of service have been given. The rules state that company matching contributions must either be a 3 year ‘cliff’ plan (100 percent after 3 years) or a 6-year ‘graded’ plan.

Employees participating in a 401(k) plan have many options for investment. In most cases a listing of mutual funds. The mutual funds usually include money market fund, treasuries, stock funds and bond funds. Some plans may include investing in company stock and US Savings Bonds. The employee gets to choose how the savings is invested. The employee can also choose at any time to stop contributions.

Financial advisers usually say that the average 401(k) contributor is non-aggressive in terms of their investment options. Stocks have historically outperformed other types of investment, since the 401(k) is a long term investment it should be able to minimize the stock fluctuations.

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Wells Fargo 401K Plans Robbed — Thousands $ Missing

According to a Minnesota TV station, a Wells Fargo 401(k) plan operations manager has been accused of robbing 401k plan accounts.

The 401k Operations Manager, who oversaw the 401k daily fund operations, allegedly disbursed money from dormant 401k accounts to fictitious names he created. He then had the checks sent to his own office and deposited the funds into his own account,

HOW THE 401K ACCOUNTS WERE ROBBED

Point-by-point, this retirement operations manager eluded what should have been Wells Fargos own financial and procedural controls. He:

Requested name changes on dormant 401k accounts,
Provided false Social Security numbers for the fake names, then
Requested the disbursements from the accounts, and finally
Reset the account information back to the original owners.

Where were the procedural controls? At each step in this alleged theft, there should have been procedural controls to prevent someone from taking these actions without either an independent review and / or supervisory authorization.
A lack of independent review or supervisory oversight was only half the problem. The other half was bundling the record keeping and the assets under the same organization.

When a 401k plans administration and assets are at the same organization, the risk of insiders bypassing their own procedural controls is always present.

Five Actions You Must Take Now to Protect Your Plans Assets.

You put your 401k funds into the hands of those who seem trust worthy. Whether it is greed or some other need that results in the abandonment of their obligations and responsibilities to you, you need to protect yourself and your plans assets.

Here is what you need to do now–

First:

Check with your plan administrator or record keeper to determine whether they are also holding your assets. You may find that your record keeping is being done by one subsidiary and your assets are being held by another subsidiary or division of the same company.

Second:

Request a SAS -70 or SysTrust audit of the system, procedural and financial controls on your 401k assets.

A SAS 70 audit is designed to provide information and assurance to clients and their auditors regarding the organizations procedural and financial controls. The auditor renders an opinion on whether the controls were suitably designed, placed in operation, and operating effectively. The SAS 70 auditors report includes the independent auditor’s opinion, a description of the service organization’s controls, and the results of the service auditor’s procedures.

A SysTrust audit is designed to increase the comfort of management, customers, and business partners with systems that support a business or particular activity. In a SysTrust audit, the auditor evaluates and tests whether or not a specific system is reliable when measured against three essential principles: availability, security, and integrity.

Third:

Require that all Plan information changes be authorized by a Plan Representative or Trustee.

Have a standardized form that can be completed by the 401k record keeper. The data changes must then be approved by a plan representative. Often you will find that the plan representative is the one supplying both the data and the approval. Be sure to get a quarterly report of all information changes and the reasons for the changes.

Fourth:

Require that all plan participant disbursements be first approved and authorized by a plan representative.

All plans have standard distribution forms that need to be completed and approved prior to a disbursement. Make sure that these forms are being completed. Have your record keeper complete a form even if it is for an automatic rollover participant, one of those whose balance is between $1,000 and $5,000 and is being moved to an IRA. Just like the information changes, an accounting of all disbursements from the plan should be provided to you on a quarterly basis.

Fifth:

Transfer your plan to an organization that can meet your financial and procedural control requirements.

In the review of your plans record keeper, you may find many of the necessary controls and procedures lacking or non existent. If your record keeper can not provide the types of procedures and controls that will let you sleep at night, then it is time for a change.

By implementing the five actions now you will have one less furrowed brow. If however, you cant implement these actions now, you will be lying awake nights with one eye open for your plans assets.

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